{"id":3879,"date":"2020-01-14T16:11:00","date_gmt":"2020-01-14T15:11:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/admiravision.einatec.com\/malalties-oculars\/retina-i-macula\/retinopatia-del-prematur\/"},"modified":"2024-12-03T14:23:02","modified_gmt":"2024-12-03T13:23:02","slug":"retinopatia-del-prematur","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/admiravision.es\/ca\/malalties-oculars\/retina-i-macula\/retinopatia-del-prematur\/","title":{"rendered":"Retinopatia del prematur"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=”full_width_background” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” bg_color=”#193c46″ bg_image=”2149″ bg_position=”center center” bg_repeat=”no-repeat” scene_position=”center” top_padding=”3%” bottom_padding=”3%” text_color=”light” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.8″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_row_inner equal_height=”yes” content_placement=”bottom” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”2\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][nectar_highlighted_text color_type=”regular” highlight_color=”#ffffff” style=”full_text”]\n

Retinopatia del prematur<\/em><\/span><\/h1>\n[\/nectar_highlighted_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=”padding-3-percent” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color=”#193c46″ background_color_opacity=”0.9″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”large_depth” column_border_radius=”20px” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_custom_heading text=”Informa’t sense comprom\u00eds!” font_container=”tag:p|font_size:20|text_align:center|color:%23ffffff” google_fonts=”font_family:Raleway%3A100%2C200%2C300%2Cregular%2C500%2C600%2C700%2C800%2C900|font_style:700%20bold%20regular%3A700%3Anormal”][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”20″]\n
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    <\/div>\n<\/form>\n<\/div>\n[\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][page_submenu alignment=”center” sticky=”true” bg_color=”#2e283d” link_color=”#ffffff”][page_link link_url=”#que-es” title=”Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s” id=”1674824103661-9″ tab_id=”1674824103662-1″][vc_column_text][\/vc_column_text][\/page_link][page_link title=”Diagn\u00f2stic” id=”1674824103720-7″ link_url=”#diagnostico” tab_id=”1674824103721-7″][\/page_link][page_link link_url=”#tratamiento” title=”Tractament” id=”1674824103760-0″ tab_id=”1674824103761-7″][vc_column_text][\/vc_column_text][\/page_link][page_link title=”Preu i finan\u00e7ament” id=”1674824103797-3″ link_url=”#precio-financiacion” tab_id=”1674824103798-10″][\/page_link][page_link title=”Demana cita” id=”1674824103832-6″ link_url=”#pedir-cita” tab_id=”1674824103832-10″][\/page_link][\/page_submenu][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” equal_height=”yes” content_placement=”top” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” top_padding=”4%” bottom_padding=”4%” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” id=”que-es” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][nectar_video_lightbox link_style=”play_button_2″ nectar_play_button_color=”Default-Accent-Color” image_url=”3282″ hover_effect=”defaut” box_shadow=”none” border_radius=”none” play_button_size=”default” video_url=”https:\/\/youtu.be\/KoH0PWUKyi8″][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_custom_heading text=”Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s la retinopatia del prematur?” font_container=”tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23193c46″ google_fonts=”font_family:Raleway%3A100%2C200%2C300%2Cregular%2C500%2C600%2C700%2C800%2C900|font_style:700%20bold%20regular%3A700%3Anormal”][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”20″][vc_column_text]La retinopatia de la prematuritat \u00e9s una malaltia\u00a0vasoproliferativa\u00a0que afecta els nounats prematurs i que es produeix en el moment del desenvolupament i maduraci\u00f3 vascular. \u00c9s la causa m\u00e9s freq\u00fcent de ceguesa infantil en pa\u00efsos desenvolupats. Els treballs de recerca cl\u00ednica portats en aquestes \u00faltimes d\u00e8cades ha desenvolupat el coneixement de la seva patog\u00e8nia, la qual cosa ha perm\u00e8s el disseny de noves estrat\u00e8gies terap\u00e8utiques.[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”20″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][toggles style=”minimal”][toggle color=”Default” title=”Patog\u00e8nia de la retinopatia del prematur”][vc_column_text]\n
    La retina \u00e9s l’\u00fanic teixit que no t\u00e9 vasos sanguinis fins al quart mes de gestaci\u00f3, moment en qu\u00e8 apareixen complexos vasculars des dels gots hialoides en el nervi \u00f2ptic i creixen cap a la perif\u00e8ria.<\/div>\n
    <\/div>\n
    Aquests gots arribaran a la perif\u00e8ria nasal despr\u00e9s dels vuit mesos de gestaci\u00f3. La perif\u00e8ria temporal retiniana no \u00e9s vascularitzada fins passat un mes despr\u00e9s del part.<\/div>\n
    <\/div>\n
    Aquesta retina temporal vascularitzada de forma incompleta \u00e9s molt sensible a les lesions per exposici\u00f3 prolongada ja determinada concentraci\u00f3 d’O2, especialment en nens prematurs.<\/div>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text][\/vc_column_text][\/toggle][toggle color=”Default” title=”Hist\u00f2ria de la retinopatia del prematur”][vc_column_text]La retinopatia del nad\u00f3 va ser descrita per primera vegada per TERRY el 1940, la hi denominava fibropl\u00e0sia retrolental. En els 50 es la comen\u00e7a a relacionar amb l’aportaci\u00f3 elevat i incontrolat d’oxigen. A partir de la d\u00e8cada dels 80 l’avan\u00e7 en les t\u00e8cniques i m\u00e8todes de la cura neonatal permetre una major superviv\u00e8ncia dels nadons prematurs i una caiguda considerable en l’aparici\u00f3 de la retinopatia del prematur.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text][\/vc_column_text][\/toggle][\/toggles][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][toggles style=”minimal”][toggle color=”Default” title=”Poblaci\u00f3 en risc”]
    \n
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    • Nounats per sota de les 27 setmanes de gestaci\u00f3.<\/li>\n
    • Pacients nounats amb pes inferior als 1000 gr.<\/li>\n
    • Nounats amb complicacions sist\u00e8miques, hemorr\u00e0gies intraventriculars.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n <\/div>[vc_column_text][\/vc_column_text][\/toggle][toggle color=”Default” title=”Classificaci\u00f3 internacional de la retinopatia del prematur”]
      \n
      Aquesta classificaci\u00f3 va ser revisada i actualitzada el 2005 unificant criteris que han ajudat a la realitzaci\u00f3 d’assaigs cl\u00ednics multic\u00e8ntrics. La classificaci\u00f3 de la retinopatia del prematur descriu sis graus de severitat basant-se en 4 par\u00e0metres.<\/div>\n
      \n
        \n
      1. Localitzaci\u00f3.<\/li>\n
      2. Estadi.<\/li>\n
      3. Extensi\u00f3.<\/li>\n
      4. Pres\u00e8ncia de malaltia Plus.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n
        <\/div>\n
        1.- Localitzaci\u00f3: Es determina segons tres zones centrades en el disc \u00f2ptic.<\/div>\n
        2.-\u00a0L’extensi\u00f3: Est\u00e0 determinada pel nombre d’hores de l’esfera del rellotge que estan afectades.<\/div>\n
        3.-\u00a0Estadis:<\/div>\n
        \n
          \n
        • Estadi 1. – Una l\u00ednia prima blanc gris i tortuosa que discorre paral \u00b7 lela a l’hora serrat. Aquesta l\u00ednia separa la retina perif\u00e8rica immadura avascular de la retina post vascularitzada.<\/li>\n
        • Estadi 2. – Progressa la l\u00ednia de demarcaci\u00f3, es converteix en una cresta de teixit que s’est\u00e9n fora del pla de la retina.<\/li>\n
        • Estadi 3. – Cresta amb proliferaci\u00f3 fibrovascular extraretiniana.<\/li>\n
        • Estadi 4. – Despreniment de retina subtotal traccional que s’inicia a la perif\u00e8ria i progressa cap al centre.<\/li>\n
        • Estadi 5. – Despreniment de retina total.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          4.- Pres\u00e8ncia de malaltia Plus.<\/p><\/div>\n

          Es desenvolupa en un 6% dels nadons prematurs amb pesos inferiors a 1.200 grams. Es presenta una dilataci\u00f3 de venes i una tortuositat de les arterioles en el pol posterior retinal.<\/div>\n <\/div>[vc_column_text][\/vc_column_text][\/toggle][\/toggles][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”20″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”full_width_background” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” bg_color=”rgba(105,151,202,0.1)” scene_position=”center” top_padding=”4%” bottom_padding=”4%” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” id=”diagnostico” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_color=”rgba(163,227,255,0.1)” shape_divider_position=”bottom” shape_divider_height=”50px” bg_image_animation=”none” shape_type=”fan”][vc_column column_padding=”padding-2-percent” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”right” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_custom_heading text=”Diagn\u00f2stic” font_container=”tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23193c46″ google_fonts=”font_family:Raleway%3A100%2C200%2C300%2Cregular%2C500%2C600%2C700%2C800%2C900|font_style:700%20bold%20regular%3A700%3Anormal”][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”20″][vc_row_inner equal_height=”yes” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”2\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text]El diagn\u00f2stic es realitza mitjan\u00e7ant la c\u00e0mera de camp ampli dissenyada a aquest efecte i anomenada RETCAM.<\/p>\n

          El futur de la retinopatia del prematur s’enfoca actualment m\u00e9s cap a la prevenci\u00f3 de la malaltia que no pas cap als tractaments en si. El descobriment dels marcadors antiangiog\u00e8nics determina un nou enfocament al pron\u00f2stic i als factors de risc. El coneixement m\u00e9s profund d’aquests factors determina un diagn\u00f2stic m\u00e9s prec\u00eds del moment en qu\u00e8 es produeix la malaltia, i per tant, poder actuar de manera m\u00e9s preco\u00e7 amb el tractament necessari abans que les seq\u00fceles siguin irreversibles.<\/p>\n

          L’aven\u00e7 en els estudis en telemedicina, amb imatges fundosc\u00f2piques digitals d’alta resoluci\u00f3, cada cop faciliten m\u00e9s la identificaci\u00f3 d’aquests pacients, delimiten i localitzen millor les lesions en retina i, per tant, asseguren una aplicaci\u00f3 del tractament molt m\u00e9s efectiva.<\/p>\n

          El diagn\u00f2stic es realitza mitjan\u00e7ant la c\u00e0mera de camp ampli dissenyada a aquest efecte i anomenada RETCAM.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]\n

          I am text block. Click edit button to change this text. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=”padding-2-percent” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color=”#193c46″ background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”small_depth” column_border_radius=”20px” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][nectar_icon icon_family=”linea” enable_animation=”true” animation_speed=”fast” icon_style=”soft-bg” icon_color_type=”color_scheme” icon_color=”white” icon_padding=”20px” icon_linea=”icon-basic-eye”][vc_custom_heading text=”Proves diagn\u00f2stiques” font_container=”tag:h3|font_size:24|text_align:left|color:%23ffffff” google_fonts=”font_family:Raleway%3A100%2C200%2C300%2Cregular%2C500%2C600%2C700%2C800%2C900|font_style:600%20bold%20regular%3A600%3Anormal”][nectar_cta btn_style=”see-through” heading_tag=”h6″ text_color=”#ffffff” button_color=”default” link_type=”regular” alignment=”left” display=”block” link_text=”Avaluaci\u00f3 digital de la retina del nounat amb RetCam” url=”https:\/\/admiravision.es\/pruebas-diagnosticas\/screening-retina-recien-nacidos\/”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”full_width_background” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” equal_height=”yes” content_placement=”middle” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” bg_color=”rgba(255,255,255,0.1)” scene_position=”center” top_padding=”4%” bottom_padding=”4%” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” id=”tratamiento” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_color=”rgba(163,227,255,0.1)” shape_divider_position=”bottom” shape_divider_height=”50px” bg_image_animation=”none” shape_type=”fan”][vc_column column_padding=”padding-2-percent” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”right” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_row_inner equal_height=”yes” content_placement=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][image_with_animation image_url=”4567″ animation=”None” hover_animation=”none” alignment=”center” border_radius=”none” box_shadow=”none” image_loading=”default” max_width=”100%” max_width_mobile=”default”][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_custom_heading text=”Tractament” font_container=”tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23193c46″ google_fonts=”font_family:Raleway%3A100%2C200%2C300%2Cregular%2C500%2C600%2C700%2C800%2C900|font_style:700%20bold%20regular%3A700%3Anormal”][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”20″][vc_column_text]Se sap que actualment la majoria de les retinopaties del prematur s\u00f3n reversibles. Nom\u00e9s menys d’un 10% de les retinopaties en Estadi 1 i 2 progressen cap a la malaltia llindar.<\/p>\n

          Els tractaments seran aplicats en funci\u00f3 de l’afectaci\u00f3 de les retines:[\/vc_column_text]

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            \n
          • En retinopatia del prematur en estat llindar est\u00e0 recomanada l’ablaci\u00f3 de la retina immadura avascular mitjan\u00e7ant crioterapia o fotocoagulaci\u00f3 amb l\u00e0ser.<\/li>\n
          • La cirurgia vitri-retiniana es realitza en el cas que hi hagi despreniment de retina d’origen fraccional.<\/li>\n
          • El descobriment de marcadors com el IGF-1, VEGF, BFGF, en el desenvolupament de la retinopatia del prematur, constitueix un gran avan\u00e7 en l’enteniment de la patog\u00e8nia de la malaltia. La troballa d’aquests marcadors angiog\u00e9nics obre una nova porta en el tractament de la retinopatia del prematur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n <\/div>[\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”full_width_background” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” bg_color=”#ffffff” scene_position=”center” top_padding=”7%” bottom_padding=”7%” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” 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